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A ball of mass 4kg moving with a velocity 10m/s collides with another body of mass 16kg moving with 4m/s from the opposite direction and then coalesces into a single body. Compute the loss of energy on impact.

Given,
Mass of first ball (m1)=4kg
Initial velocity of first ball (u1)=10m/s
Mass of second ball (m2)=16kg
Initial velocity of second ball (u2)=4m/s
Loss of energy on impact (E)=?

Since ball are moving in opposite direction.
Then, from the principle of conservation of linear momentum,
m1.u1+m2.(u2)=(m1+m2)v               [v is the common velocity]
v=m1u1m2u2m1+m2=4101644+16 =1.2m/s
[i.e. is in the direction of m2]

Kinetic Energy before collision E1=12m1u21+12m2u22
=124102+121642=328J

Kinetic Energy after collision Ef=12(m1+m2)v2

=12(4+16)(1.2)2=14.4J

Loss of energy on impact (∇E) = Kinetic Energy before collision - Kinetic Energy after collision.
= 328 - 14.4 = 313.6\;J
∴ Loss of energy is 313.6 J.


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